Gamma rice is also known as GABA rice which is a specially known for its high level of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a four-carbon non-protein amino acid and an inhibitory neurotransmitter. The GABA content is 50-100 times higher than that of ordinary cultivars. It is taken to enhance sleep quality and also used increasingly in bodybuilding supplements for its effect on growth hormone levels. According to research in the Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin published by the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, GABA in the brown rice may enhance glutamate release and the sensitivity of NMDA receptors. The activation of these receptors is thought to underlie learning and memory. GABA can control the convulsive shrink of mini-arteries thus to lower blood-pressure and work well in preventing hypertension, anxiety and insomnia.
 
Pre-germination of brown rice through soaking at a pre-determined temperature activates the process of nutrient transformation in the embryo. The GABA level in germinated brown rice is 5 times higher than that of polished rice and 3 times higher than that of ordinary brown rice.
 
Keeping in view the abundance of brown rice (raw material) in Thailand and processing know how, currently this niche market of GBR has the necessary potential to evolve into an industry. This article reviews technical and scientific information of GABA, its sources, suitability of various rice varieties and its production. Market information and current state of research and development is also covered. At the end a comprehensive business review including a SWOT analysis in terms of Thai market is given.